asEx78 [spe-38p::spe-38(cDNA)::spe-38 3'UTR + myo-3p::GFP]. Pick GFP+ to maintain. GFP+ worms are fertile; animals that have lost the array are sterile.

Him. Temperature-sensitive sterile. Small brood size even at permissive temperatures; pick fertile animals and maintain at 15C. Worms lacking spe-45 function produce morphologically normal and motile sperm that cannot fuse with oocytes despite direct contact in the reproductive tract. spe-45 hermaphrodites and males are subfertile at 16C and sterile at 25C. Reference: Singaravelu G, et al. Current Biology 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2015.10.055

asEx95 [T22B11.1(genomic) + myo-3p::GFP]. Pick GFP+ animals to maintain. as39 is a non-conditional allele of spe-51. Mutant hermaphrodites and males are severely subfertile due to a sperm defect. The extrachromosomal array asEx95 effectively rescues the fertility defect. Him. Reference: Mei X, et al. Curr Biol. 2023 Jul 3;S0960-9822(23)00780-7. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.06.029. PMID: 37453427.

Endogenous cycl-2 locus tagged with mNeonGreen (mNG). Green fluorescence in sperm. Him. Reference: Krauchunas AR, et al. (2020). C. elegans CYLC-2 localizes to sperm. microPublication Biology. 10.17912/micropub.biology.000314.

mNeonGreen tag inserted into the endogenous spe-51 locus. Him. Reference: Mei X, et al. Curr Biol. 2023 Jul 3;S0960-9822(23)00780-7. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.06.029. PMID: 37453427.

wrmScarlet-I tag inserted into endogenous spe-38 locus. Him. wrmScarlet-I expression labels membranous organelles (MOs) in the sperm. Reference: Zuo Y, et al. Biomolecules. 2023; 13(4):623. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13040623

Dark in color.

Isolated in Pennsylvania. SDS resistant dauers. Males are rare.

Isolated in Pennsylvania. Males are rare.

Mesorhabditis spiculigera. Isolated in Pennsylvania. NOTE: (06/10/2016) AF72 was originally described as Mesorhabditis miotki, but K. Kiontke has determined through morphological inspection that this is actually a strain of Mesorhabditis spiculigera.

Isolated in Ohio.

Isolated at Niagara Falls in Canada. SDS resistant dauers look like C. elegans predauers. Males are rare.

Temperature-sensitive embryonic-lethal mutant. Maintain at 15C. Shift L4s to 25C overnight to observe mutant phenotype of embryos produced by adults. Mutants lack a central spindle during early embryonic mitosis and exhibits a late cytokinesis defect (cleavage furrows regress after ingressing in nearly to the center of dividing embryonic cells). This strain can be used for CRISPR-Cas9 co-conversion. There is a causal mis-sense mutation present in zen-4(cle5), GAC to AAC (D520N), and one silent mutation, GCA to GCT at codon 519, that introduces an AluI site for RFLP analysis. A previous deposited version of this strain, zen-4(ok153), possessed two mis-sense mutations: GAC to AAC (D520N) and GAT to AAT (D735N). Reference: Farboud B, et al. Genetics Early online November 30, 2018; https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.118.301775.

Temperature-sensitive embryonic-lethal mutant. Maintain at 15C. Shift L4s to 25C overnight to observe mutant phenotype of embryos produced by adults. Mutants lack a central spindle during early embryonic mitosis and exhibits a late cytokinesis defect (cleavage furrows regress after ingressing in nearly to the center of dividing embryonic cells). This strain can be used for CRISPR-Cas9 co-conversion. There is a causal mis-sense mutation present in zen-4(cle10), GAC to AAC (D520N), and two silent mutations. One silent mutation is a CGA to CGG mutation at codon 523 that creates a recognition site for a Cas9 guide RNA, in order to use zen-4(cle10ts) as a CRISPR/Cas9 co-conversion marker. The other silent mutation is a GCA to GCT mutation at codon 519 that introduces an AluI site for RFLP analysis. Reference: Farboud B, et al. Genetics Early online November 30, 2018; https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.118.301775.

av144 is a CRISPR/Cas9 engineered deletion in the N-terminal region of pezo-1 removing exons 1–13. Small brood size. Reference: Bai X, et al. Elife. 2020 Jun 3:9:e53603. doi: 10.7554/eLife.53603. PMID: 32490809.

av149 is a CRISPR/Cas9 engineered deletion in the C-terminal region of pezo-1 removing the last seven exons (27–33) and introns. Small brood size. Reference: Bai X, et al. Elife. 2020 Jun 3:9:e53603. doi: 10.7554/eLife.53603. PMID: 32490809.

zdIs13 [tph-1p::GFP] IV. armIs5 [zfp-1(fosmid)::FLAG + unc-119(+)]. Integrated zfp-1 transgene expressed in the germline. Fosmid-based zfp-1::FLAG transgene fully rescues stress-sensitivity and reduced lifespan in zfp-1(ok554) homozygotes. ChIP with anti-FLAG antibody detects ZFP-1::FLAG localization to promoters of highly expressed genes. References: Mansisidor AR, et al. PLoS Genet. 2011 Sep;7(9):e1002299. Avgousti DC, et al. Mol Cell Biol. 2013 Mar;33(5):999-1015. Cecere G, et al. Mol Cell. 2013 Jun 27;50(6):894-907.

armEx58 [WRM0611aH08-Del8mer + unc-119(+)]. Pick non-Unc to maintain. This strain contains a transgenic array that expresses a derivative WRM0611aH08 fosmid. The WRM0611aH08 fosmid contains the niDF199 locus (around 4 kb) that is deleted in the natural C. elegans isolate strain JU258. JU258 worms lack specific 21U-RNAs normally present in N2 worms due to this deletion of the niDF199 locus. This derivative fosmid construct lacks the upstream 8-mer motif (CTGTTTCA) next to 21U-3372. The expression of this individual 21U-RNA is lost in transgenic animals. unc-119(ed3) was crossed into JU258, the niDf199IV deletion was confirmed by PCR, and these Unc worms were used for bombardment. Reference: Cecere G, et al. Mol Cell. 2012 Sep 14;47(5):734-45.

armEx53 [WRM0611aH08 + unc-119(+)]. Pick non-Unc to maintain. unc-119(ed3) was crossed into JU258, the niDf199IV deletion was confirmed by PCR, and these Unc worms were used for bombardment. This strain contains a transgenic array that expresses the WRM0611aH08 fosmid construct. This fosmid contains the niDF199 locus (around 4 kb) that is deleted in the natural C. elegans isolate strain JU258. JU258 worms lack specific 21U-RNAs normally present in N2 worms due to this deletion of the niDF199 locus. Expression of this fosmid construct in JU258 worms restores the expression of the missing 21U-RNAs in the germline, as measured by RT-qPCR. Reference: Cecere G, et al. Mol Cell. 2012 Sep 14;47(5):734-45.

armEx5 [zfp-1(fosmid)::GFP + unc-119(+)]. Pick non-Unc to maintain. Fosmid-based zfp-1::GFP transgene fully rescues stress-sensitivity and reduced lifespan in zfp-1(ok554) homozygotes. Nuclear expression of zfp-1::GFP is observed ubiquitously in somatic cells in all developmental stages; high levels of GFP expression is observed in oocytes with lower levels of expression in the distal germline. References: Mansisidor AR, et al. PLoS Genet. 2011 Sep;7(9):e1002299. Avgousti DC, et al. Mol Cell Biol. 2013 Mar;33(5):999-1015.

armEx196 [mex-5p::unc-130::GFP::tbb-2 3'UTR + Cbr-unc-119(+)]. Pick non-Unc to maintain. unc-119(ed3) was crossed into JU258, the niDf199IV deletion was confirmed by PCR, and these Unc worms were used for bombardment. JU258 worms lack specific 21U-RNAs normally present in N2 worms due to deletion of the niDF199 locus. Reference: Cecere G, et al. Mol Cell. 2012 Sep 14;47(5):734-45. Reference: Cecere G, et al. Mol Cell. 2012 Sep 14;47(5):734-45.

sra-13(zh13) mutants display stronger chemotaxis to limiting concentrations of isoamylalcohol and diacetyl than WT animals. Deletion allele. 396 bp of 5' promoter sequence and all but the last exon are removed; probably a null allele.

CRISPR allele of endogenous let-23, which expresses let-23::GFP fusion protein and is susceptible for conditional knock-out via incorporated FRT sites with FLPase expression. Reference: Konietzka et al. 2019. Current Biology (accepted).

rmIs126 [unc-54p::Q0::YFP]. Diffuse distribution of Q0::YFP throughout the body-wall muscle cells. Worms maintain a soluble phenotype for the duration of their lifespan. [NOTE: This strain is a replacement for AM134, which was removed from distribution due to reports that it did not carry the correct transgene.]

rmIs175 [unc-54p::Hsa-sod-1 (WT)::YFP]. Array encodes wild-type human SOD-1. YFP expression in body wall muscle. Array is prone to silencing; maintain by picking worms displaying typical aggregation patterns. Reference: Gidalevitz T, et al., PLoS Genet. 2009 Mar;5(3):e1000399.

rmIs290 [unc-54p::Hsa-sod-1 (127X)::YFP]. Array encodes mutated form of human SOD-1. YFP expression in body wall muscle. Array is prone to silencing; maintain by picking worms displaying typical aggregation patterns. Reference: Gidalevitz T, et al., PLoS Genet. 2009 Mar;5(3):e1000399.

sosIs5 [rab-3p::Cerulean-Venus::lgg-1 + unc-119(+)]. Maintain at 15 degrees. Temperature-sensitive embryonic lethal. 100% dead embryos at 25 degrees. Small, posteriorly displaced first mitotic spindle with defective chomosome segregation and cytokinesis.

olaEx3013 [ttx-3p:mCherry::eGFP::lgg-1 + unc-122p::mCherry]. Pick animals with mCherry+ coelomocytes to maintain array. Unc. Tandem tags on LGG-1 label immature autophagosomes with both GFP and mCherry, but because GFP is preferentially quenched in an acidic environment, mature structures lose their GFP signal and display solely mCherry signal. Reference: Hill SE & Colon-Ramos D. 2018 bioRxiv 287144; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/287144

olaEx3013 [ttx-3p:mCherry::eGFP::lgg-1 + unc-122p::mCherry]. Pick animals with mCherry+ coelomocytes to maintain array. Paralyzed Unc. Tandem tags on LGG-1 label immature autophagosomes with both GFP and mCherry, but because GFP is preferentially quenched in an acidic environment, mature structures lose their GFP signal and display solely mCherry signal. Reference: Hill SE & Colon-Ramos D. 2018 bioRxiv 287144; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/287144

olaEx3013 [ttx-3p::mCherry::eGFP::lgg-1 + unc-122p::mCherry]. Pick animals with mCherry+ coelomocytes to maintain array. Unc. Slow moving. Tandem tags on LGG-1 label immature autophagosomes with both GFP and mCherry, but because GFP is preferentially quenched in an acidic environment, mature structures lose their GFP signal and display solely mCherry signal. Reference: Hill SE & Colon-Ramos D. 2018 bioRxiv 287144; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/287144

jamSi2 [mex-5p::rde-1(+)] II. mex-5p::rde-1(+) inserted into ttTi5605 on LG II. Tissue-specific RNAi rescue allows silencing in germline and intestine. Reference: Marre JA, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2016.

wtfIs145 [rab-3p::his-24::GCaMP6s::unc-54 3' UTR + pBX]. wtfIs348 [pAS3-5xQUAS::(delta)pes-10p::AI::gur-3G::unc-54 3' UTR + pAS3-5xQUAS::(delta)pes-10p::AI::prdx-2G::unc-54 3' UTR + pAS3-rab-3p::AI::QF+GR::unc-54 3' UTR + unc-122::GFP]. Keep plates covered to avoid unnecessary exposure to light. This strain expresses a purple light-sensitive optogenetic protein system (i.e., GUR-3 and PRDX-2) in each neuron, and GFP in coelomocytes. GCaMP6s transgene allows for imaging whole-brain calcium activity with neuronal identification using NeuroPAL system. unc-31(wtf502) is a CRISPR-engineered deletion allele. See description of strain OH15262 for full description of otIs669 NeuroPAL (Neuronal Polychromatic Atlas of Landmarks) transgene (Yemini E, et al. Cell. 2021 Jan 7;184(1):272-288.e11. PMID: 33378642). Derived by out-crossing parental strain OH15262 an additional six times before incorporating other transgenes. Reference: Randi F, et al. Nature 2023 Nov;623(7986):406-414. doi: 10.1038/s41586-023-06683-4. PMID: 37914938.

ieSi57 [eft-3p::TIR1::mRuby::unc-54 3'UTR + Cbr-unc-119(+)] II. cer135 is a rpb-2::GFP(delta)piRNA::AID::3xFLAG tag inserted into the endogenous rpb-2 locus. This strain allows auxin-dependent disruption of RNA polymerase II with dose-dependent lifespan shortening. Reference: Oswal N, et al. PLoS Comput Biol. 2022 Sep 30;18(9):e1010415. PMID: 36178967.

adeIs1 [mex-5::spd-1::GFP + unc-119(+)] II. The transgene has been inserted on chromosome II, using the MosSCI technique. This strains expresses the SPD-1 protein fused to GFP in the germline (both males and females) and in embryos. SPD-1 is nucleolar in interphase and labels the central spindle in mitosis and meiosis, later accumulating at the midbody. Reference: Nahaboo W, et al. Mol Biol Cell. 2015 Jun 1;26(11):2020-9. doi: 10.1091/mbc.E14-12-1577.

adeIs1 [mex-5::spd-1::GFP + unc-119(+)] II. ltIs37 [pie-1p::mCherry::his-58 + unc-119(+)] IV. Superficially wild-type. SPD-1::GFP and mCherry-tagged histones allow visualisation of chromatin with central spindle/midbody during cell divisions. Reference: Nahaboo W, et al. Mol Biol Cell. 2015 Jun 1;26(11):2020-9.

pkIs2386 [unc-54p::alphasynuclein::YFP + unc-119(+)]. YFP expression in the muscles. Derived by crossing parental strains NL5901 and MAH23 to produce a Parkinson's model with germline-only RNAi. unc-119 might still be present in the background, but likely lost during crossing. Reference: Snow S, et al. (2024). Neuronal CBP-1 is required for enhanced body muscle proteostasis in response to reduced translation downstream of mTOR. Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark.

pkIs2386 [unc-54p::alphasynuclein::YFP + unc-119(+)]. neIs9 [myo-3::HA::rde-1 + rol-6(su1006)] X. Rollers. YFP expression in the muscles. Derived by crossing parental strains NL5901 and WM118 to produce a Parkinson's model with muscle-only RNAi. Reference: Snow S, et al. (2024). Neuronal CBP-1 is required for enhanced body muscle proteostasis in response to reduced translation downstream of mTOR. Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark.

eif-2alpha(rog3) is a (S49A) substitution allele (I:2073439..2073448; WS220) removing P site and PAM site. eif-2alpha (Y37E3.10) encodes the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2). Reference: Rollins J, et al. Loss of eif-2alpha phosphorylation on S49 (mammalian S51) associated with the integrated stress response hastens development in C. elegans. MicroPubl Biol. 2017;2017:10.17912/W2BM1S. doi: 10.17912/W2BM1S. Erratum in: MicroPubl Biol. 2020 Feb 27;2020: PMID: 32292896.

pkIs2386 [unc-54p::alphasynuclein::YFP + unc-119(+)]. uIs57 [unc-119p::YFP + unc-119p::sid-1 + mec-6p::mec-6]. YFP expression in the muscles. Parkinson's model with hypersensitive neuronal RNAi. Reference: Snow S, et al. (2024). Neuronal CBP-1 is required for enhanced body muscle proteostasis in response to reduced translation downstream of mTOR. Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark.

GFP tag inserted into endogenous spe-36 (F40F11.4) locus. SPE-36::GFP expression in spermatids and spermatozoa. Reference: Krauchunas AR, et al. Curr Biol. 2023 Jul 24;33(14):3056-3064.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.06.051. PMID: 37453426.

kyIs140 [str-2::GFP + lin-15(+)] I. Kinker; can't back up. srf-6 mutants express str-2::GFP in both AWC neurons (2AWC ON phenotype; wild-type phenotype is 1AWC ON): check for this phenotype to avoid reversion of srf-6(yj13). srf-6 mutants were originally identified by binding of an L1-specific antibody in later larval stages (L1-L4).

[D943G] substitution mutation in conserved residue within RNAse III domain. Balancer marked with myo-2p::Venus. Pick fertile wild-type (non-Dpy) Venus+ to maintain. drsh-1(viz43) homozygous animals display heterochronic phenotypes beginning at L3/L4 molt and typically burst at the vulva in L4. Heterozygotes are wild-type with pharyngeal Venus fluorescence, and segregate Venus+ heterozygotes, non-Venus viz-43 homozygotes, and Dpy Venus+ tmC18 homozygotes. Reference: Barish S, et al. Human Mol Genet. 2022 Aug 25;31(17):2934-2950. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddac085. PMID: 35405010.

The endogenous promoter of ZK813.1 (1046 bp) was replaced with the fln-1 promoter (947 bp) to limit the expression of ZK813.1 to the spermatheca and allow analysis of RNA transfer from soma to oocytes. Reference: Trimmer KA, et al. Cell Rep. 2023 May 23;42(6):112544. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112544. PMID: 37227820. .

Heterozygotes are Unc and segregate Uncs (heterozygotes), non-Unc spo-11 homozygotes, and dead eggs (nT1 homozygotes). spo-11 homozygotes produce an average of ~200 fertilized eggs but only about 0.1 progeny survive to adulthood. When mated to N2 males, spo-11 homozygotes will produce at least 5-10 cross progeny.

Can be maintained by chunking or setting up male/hermaphrodite crosses. Dpy.

Balanced heterozygotes are GFP+ Unc and segregate GFP+ Unc (heterozygotes), non-GFP non-Unc spo-11(me44) homozygotes, and dead eggs (nT1 homozygotes). spo-11(me44) homozygotes are viable and produce more than 90% dead eggs (a large fraction of the survivors are males — strong Him phenotype); cytologically they lack chiasmata in diakinesis-stage oocytes and lack RAD-51 foci. Maintain by picking Unc.

Sperm activation in virgin males. Poor sperm transfer.

Sperm activation in virgin males. Very poor sperm transfer.