iaIs21 [gcy-35p::GFP + unc-119(+)]. gcy-35::GFP is expressed in fifteen neurons, all of which also express ahr-1: AQR, PQR, URXR/L, ALNL/R, BDUL/R, SDQL/R, PLML/R, AVM, and two neurons in the tail tentatively identified as PLNL/R. gcy-35::GFP is only transiently expressed in PLML/R during the first larval stage.

iaIs25 [gcy-37p::GFP + unc-119(+)]. gcy-37::GFP is consistently expressed in AQR, PQR, URXL. and URXR neurons. Expression also observed in AVM and two unidentified neurons located in the head.

iaIs19 [gcy-32p::GFP + unc-119(+)]. Expression of gcy-32::GFP is consistenly observed in AQR, PQR, and URX neurons.

iaIs22 [gcy-36p::GFP + unc-119(+)]. gcy-36::GFP is consistently expressed in AQR, PQR, URXL and URXR neurons.

iaEx101 contains [egl-9p::egl-9(H487A)::tag + unc-119(+)]. Published in Shao, Zhang, and Powell-Coffman Genetics (2009).

enIs59 [ced-1p::2xFYVE::GFP + unc-76(+)] I. ced-1p::2xFYVE::GFP is a phosphainositol PtdIns(3)P reporter expressed in engulfing cells for assaying cell corpse clearance and other membrane trafficking events. GFP expression from enIs59 is relatively low and causes the least deleterious effects to worm development. Reference: Lu N, et al. PLoS Biol. 2012 Jan;10(1):e1001245. PMID: 22272187

enIs7 [ced-1p::ced-1::GFP + unc-76(+)] X. GFP marker for cell corpses. Reference: Lu N, et al. Methods Mol Biol 2009;559, 357-370. PMID: 19609769

enIs74 [mec-7p::GFP + dyn-1p::mfg-e8::mCherry + unc-76(+)] II. mec-7p::GFP labels touch neurons. MFG-E8::mCherry reporter binds exposed phosphatidylserine (PS) “eat me” signal on the surface of apoptotic or necrotic cells, providing a useful marker for identifying apoptotic or necrotic cells. Reference: Furuta Y, et al. PLoS Genet. 2021 Feb 11;17(2):e1009066.

Recessive Unc. Recessive apoptotic cell removal defect. Recessive phagosome maturation defect (inefficient and prolonged phagosome maturation process in embryos). Reference: Mangahas PM, Yu X, and Zhou Z. J Cell Biol. 2008 Jan 28;180(2):357-73.

hpIs721 [rig-3p::FRT::Stop::FRT::snb-1::GFP + nmr-1p::FLP::FLP + myo-2p::RFP]. Transgenic animals have pharyngeal RFP expression and SNB-1::GFP expression in AVA (soma and along the VNC).

hpIs727 [rig-3p::zif-1::sl2::RFP + ttx-3p::GFP]. twk-40(bln282) is a CRISPR generated tagged allele of endogenous twk-40 locus inserting TagRFP and a ZIF-1 directed degron to the endogenous TWK-40, allowing visualization of endogenous protein expression and localization as well as targeted degradation. The presence of hpIs727 in the background leads to specific degradation of TWK-40 from AVA, causing loopy forward and reversal movement compared to twk-40(bln282) alone.

hpIs593 [ttr-39p::Chrimson::wCherry + lin-15(+)]. ljIs131 [myo-3p::GCaMP3::UrSL2::tagRFP-T]. Shrinker. D motor neurons are marked with red fluorescence. No behavioral change upon green light illumination with ATR. Reference: Lu Y, et al. 2022. Current Biology (In Press).

hpIs740 [twk-40(s)p::GCaMP6s::wScarlet + lin-15(+)]. GCaMP and RFP expression in AVA, AVB, AVE and DVA. Reference: Lu Y, et al. 2022. Current Biology (In Press).

ljIs131 [myo-3p::GCaMP3::UrSL2::tagRFP-T]. hpIs758 [rig-3p::LoxP::eBFP::LoxP::Chrimson::wCherry + twk-40(s)p::Cre + myo-2p::wCherry]. Pick animals with red fluorescence to maintain. Shrinker. RFP expression in AVA and a few other neurons. Reversal upon green light illumination with ATR. hpIs758 is a spontaneous insertion of hpEx4080. Reference: Lu Y, et al. 2022. Current Biology (In Press).

hpIs717 [acr-2(s)p::LoxP::eBFP::LoxP::Chrimson::wCherry + unc-17p::Cre + lin-15(+)]. ljIs131 [myo-3p::GCaMP3::UrSL2::tagRFP-T]. Red fluorescence in motor neurons. Reference: Lu Y, et al. 2022. Current Biology (In Press).

hpEx4120 [rgef-1p::GPI::YFP]. Pick YFP+ animals to maintain. TagRFP::ZF tag inserted into endogenous twk-40 locus.

hpIs592 [ttr-39p::Chrimson::wCherry + lin-15(+)]. hpIs595 [acr-2(s)p::GCaMP6s::wCherry + lin-15(+)]. Body relaxation upon green light illumination with ATR. Red fluorescence in D motor neurons. Reference: Lu Y, et al. 2022. Current Biology (In Press).

hpIs593 [ttr-39p::Chrimson::wCherry + lin-15(+)]. ljIs131 [myo-3p::GCaMP3::UrSL2::tagRFP-T]. D motor neurons are marked with red fluorescence. Body relaxation upon green light illumination with ATR. Reference: Lu Y, et al. 2022. Current Biology (In Press).

hpIs592 [ttr-39p::Chrimson::wCherry + lin-15(+)]. ljIs131 [myo-3p::GCaMP3::UrSL2::tagRFP-T]. Shrinker. Body relaxation upon green light illumination with ATR. Reference: Lu Y, et al. 2022. Current Biology (In Press).

hpIs321 [nmr-1p::miniSOG::UrSL2::wCherry + lin-15(+)]. hpIs331 [lgc-55p::miniSOG::UrSL2::wCherry + lin-15(+)]. ljIs131 [myo-3p::GCaMP3::UrSL2::tagRFP-T]. Shrinker. Dorsal-coiler in L1, kinker in Adult after 1 hr illumination with blue light. Reference: Lu Y, et al. 2022. Current Biology (In Press).

hpIs774 [twk-40p(short)::GCaMP6s::mNeptune]. hpEx4081 [rig-3p::LoxP::eBFP::Stop::LoxP::gtACR2::wCherry + twk-40p(short)::Cre + myo-2p::RFP]. Pick RFP+ (pharynx) to maintain. Transgenic animals are GFP and RFP positive in multiple neurons in the head, but strong RFP signals in AVA neurite. Superficially wild type. Activation of gtACR2 decreases AVA and AVB’s calcium signals. hpEx4081 can be maintained by picking animals with weak pharyngeal RFP signals (seems to be a common artifact of the Cre-LoxP system).

hpIs592 [ttr-39p::Chrimson::wCherry + lin-15(+)]. ljIs131 [myo-3p::GCaMP3::UrSL2::tagRFP-T]. Shrinker. Red fluorescence in D motor neurons. Reference: Lu Y, et al. 2022. Current Biology (In Press).

hpIs814 [flp-18p::LoxP::eBFP::Stop::LoxP::TeTx::wCherry + twk-40p(short)::Cre]. Red fluorescence in AVA. Slow forward and backward movement, with reduced reversals.

hpIs819 [twk-40p(short)::GCaMP::T2A::NLS::mNeptune + lin-15(+)]. Cytoplasmic GFP and nuclear RFP in AVA, AVE, AVB and some neurons in RVG, and tail (DVA).

hpIs721 [rig-3p::FRT::Stop::FRT::snb-1::GFP + nmr-1p::FLP::FLP + myo-2p::RFP]. hpIs811 [flp-18p::LoxP::eBFP::Stop::LoxP::TeTx::Cherry + twk-40p(short)::Cre]. Transgenic animals have pharyngeal RFP signal; GFP puncta are visible in AVA soma but not along the VNC; RFP signals along AVA neurite.

hpIs824 [flp-18p::LoxP::eBFP::Stop::LoxP::gtACR2::wCherry + twk-40p(short)::Cre]. Red fluorescence in AVA soma and neurites of the VNC. Activation of gtACR2 inhibits both forward and backward movement.

hpIs596 [acr-2(s)p::Chrimson::wCherry + lin-15(+)]. hpIs268 [unc-25p::GCaMP3si::SL2 wCherry + lin-15(+)]. Unc (linked to hpIs596). Green and red fluorescence in D-motor neurons. Very weak red fluorescence in A and B motorneurons. Reference: Lim MA, et al. eLife 2016;5:e19887. doi: 10.7554/eLife.19887. PMID: 27855782.

hpEx4271 [gbb-2(fosmid)::GFP + myo-2p::RFP]. Pick animals with red fluorescence to maintain. GBB-2::GFP expression in muscles and neurons. Reference: Lu Y, et al. 2022. Current Biology (In Press).

hpIs774 [twk-40p(short)::GCaMP6s::mNeptune]. hpEx4292 [pdf-1p::LoxP::eBFP::LoxP::gtACR2::Cherry + twk-40p(short)::Cre + lin-15(+)]. Pick non-Muv to maintain. Red and green fluorescence in multiple head neurons. Activation of gtACR2 reduces AVB signals but does not generate specific changes in AVA.

ljIs131 [myo-3p::GCaMP3::UrSL2::tagRFP-T]. hpEx4340 [nmr-1p::TeTx::wCherry + sra-11p::TeTx::wCherry + HygromycinR]. Animals carrying the array show additional red fluorescence in the head compared to those that have lost the array. Transgenic animals are severely Unc. RFP positive head neuron soma can be observed under V16 in older animals. Hygromycin can be used to select for hpEx4340 transgenic animals. Reference: Lu Y, et al. Curr Biol. 2022 Nov 7;32(21):4631-4644.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.09.002. PMID: 36182701.

ljIs131 [myo-3p::GCaMP3::UrSL2::tagRFP-T]. hpEx4343 [acr-5p::TeTx::wCherry + unc-4p::TeTx::wCherry + HygromycinR]. Pick animals with wCherry expression in ventral cord neurons to maintain hpEx4343. Animals carrying the array show additional red fluorescence in the head compared to those that have lost the array. Animals carrying hpEx4343 rest as coilers strongly biased towards ventral bend as L1 larvae and are severely Unc as adults. Coiling is somewhat suppressed in the ljIs131 background, but animals still exhibit an obvious bias towards ventral bend during movement. Hygromycin can be used to select for hpEx4343 transgenic animals. Reference: Lu Y, et al. Curr Biol. 2022 Nov 7;32(21):4631-4644.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.09.002. PMID: 36182701.

hpIs819 [twk-40p(short)::GCaMP::T2A::NLS::mNeptune + lin-15(+)]. hpIs810 [flp-18p::LoxP::eBFP::Stop::LoxP::TeTx::wCherry + twk-40p(short)::Cre]. Transgenic animals exhibit strong RFP signals in AVA soma and neurites; cytoplasmic GFP and RFP in AVA, AVE, AVB and some neurons in RVG and tail (DVA).

hpEx4351 [npr-4p::ins-22::GFP]. Pick animals with green fluorescence in VNC to maintain. Additional GFP expression in coelomocytes.

hpIs814 [flp-18p::LoxP::eBFP::Stop::LoxP::TeTx::wCherry + twk-40p(short)::Cre]. Red fluorescence in AVA. twk-40(hp834) is a loss-of-function allele. twk-40(hp834) itself is highly loopy and a weak backward coiler. The presence of hpIs814 in the background reduces body bending and speed compared to twk-40(hp834) alone.

hpEx4363 [npr-4p::ins-22::pHluorin + myo-2p::wCherry]. Pick wCherry+ (pharynx) animals to maintain.

hpIs814 [flp-18p::LoxP::eBFP::Stop::LoxP::TeTx::wCherry + twk-40p(short)::Cre]. hpEx4363 [npr-4p::ins-22::pHluorin + myo-2p::wCherry]. Pick wCherry+ (pharynx) animals to maintain. Red fluorescence in AVA.

hpEx4362 [flp-18p::cha-1(sense) + twk-40p::cha-1(antisense) + ttx-3p::GFP]. Pick animals with GFP expression in AIY to maintain. Transgenic animals exhibit reduced forward speed and body bending; this phenotype is not fully penetrate.

hpIs758 [rig-3p::LoxP::eBFP::LoxP::Chrimson::wCherry + twk-40p(short)::Cre + myo-2p::wCherry]. hpIs814 [flp-18p::LoxP::eBFP::Stop::LoxP::TeTx::wCherry + twk-40p(short)::Cre]. RFP positive in AVA soma and neurite along the VNC. Weak pharyngeal RFP. Flat and slow movement without ATR or LED stimulation. Chrimson activation induces loopy reversal but not loopy forward after 5min.

hpIs860 [twk-40p(short)::eGFP + myo-2p::wCherry]. Cytosolic GFP expression in AVA, AVE & AVB in the head, with the strongest signal in AVA. Additional fluorescent signal in RVG (SAB) and tail (DVA).

hpIs860 [twk-40p(short)::eGFP + myo-2p::wCherry]. twk-40 gain-of-function allele. Paralyzed, no backward movement upon head touch. Cytosolic GFP expression in AVA, AVE & AVB in the head, with the strongest signal in AVA. Additional fluorescent signal in RVG (SAB) and tail (DVA).

hpIs860 [twk-40p(short)::eGFP + myo-2p::wCherry]. Loopy movement with increased reversals. Cytosolic GFP expression in AVA, AVE & AVB in the head, with the strongest signal in AVA. Additional fluorescent signal in RVG (SAB) and tail (DVA).

hpEx4479 [npr-4p::snb-1::pHluorin + lin-15(+)]. Pick animals with green fluorescence in VNC to maintain. twk-40(bln336) is a gain-of-function allele. Paralyzed; no backward movement upon head touch. Synapse exocytosis marker for AVA. Transgenic animals exhibit punctate fluorescent signals along AVA neurites in the ventral cord, with weaker expression than in a wild-type background.

hpEx4479 [npr-4p::snb-1::pHluorin + lin-15(+)]. Pick animals with green fluorescence in VNC to maintain. twk-40(hp834) is a loss-of-function allele. Loopy. Synapse exocytosis marker for AVA. Transgenic animals exhibit punctate fluorescent signals along AVA neurites in the ventral cord, with stronger expression than in a wild-type background.

hpIs636 [rig-3p::HisCl1::SL2::mCherry]. hpEx4479 [npr-4p::snb-1::pHluorin + lin-15(+)]. Pick animals with green fluorescence in VNC to maintain. Synapse exocytosis marker in AVA. Transgenic animals exhibit punctate green fluorescent signals along AVA neurites in the ventral cord, with stronger expression than in a wild-type background. mCherry and HisCl1 expression in AVA soma and neurites. In the presence of histamine, the SNB-1::pHluorin intensity will decrease in neurites.

juIs1 [unc-25p::snb-1::GFP + lin-15(+)] IV. Temperature-sensitive Daf-c. GFP punctae are relatively normal in dauers. Maintain at 15C. Reference: Hung WL, et al. EMBO J. 2013 Jun 12;32(12):1745-60.

hpIs61 [unc-25p::unc-10::GFP]. hpIs61 maps to LG II.

hpIs66 [nab-1::GFP]. Reporter contains nab-1 genomic clone with 9 kb promoter sequence upstream of ATG, the entire nab-1 gene with GFP inserted immediately before the stop codon, and the 1 kb downstream sequence. Animals are slightly short with malformed tail in hermaphrodites. GFP localized in puncta at synapses in nerve cords and nerve ring. GFP localization also along the excretory canals, and some vulva expression. Reference: Hung W, et al. Development. 2007 Jan;134(2):237-49.

hpIs88 [unc-25p::mCherry::unc-10 + lin-15(+)]. mCherry is fused to the N-terminus of UNC-10. Weak RFP expression in nerve ring, small and round RFP puncta on both ventral and dorsal nerve cord. Reference: Hung W, et al. Development. 2007 Jan;134(2):237-49.

Uncoordinated behaviour. Fainter, pauses quickly after stimulating touch-response by prodding or tapping plate. References: Humphry JA, et al. Curr Biol. 2007 Apr 3;17(7):624-9. Gao S, et al. Nat Commun. 2015 Feb 26;6:6323.

Kinkers. References: Yeh E, et al. J Neurosci. 2009 Apr 22;29(16):5207-17. Kawano T, et al. Neuron. 2011 Nov 17;72(4):572-86.