Heterozygotes are wild-type with pharyngeal GFP signal, and segregate WT GFP, arrested nT1[qIs51] aneuploids, and non-GFP csr-1(fj54) homozygotes (sterile, but some animals lay a small number of dead eggs). Homozygous nT1[qIs51] inviable. Pick WT GFP and check for correct segregation of progeny to maintain. The fj54 mutation deletes a 524 bp region including half of the second exon, the third exon, and almost all of the fourth exon, causing a frame shift to stop the translation of both PAZ and Piwi domains. The deletion can be checked by PCR with the following primers: AAGAAATACCAATGCGGAGGCA and TTCACGGCTCTTTGCAGTTTCA.

Maintain at 20C or lower. Him. cec-4 cec-5 him-8 triple mutants exhibit partial sterility. The intensity of histone H3K9me2 on meiotic chromosomes is reduced. ok3124 deletion can be detceted by PCR with the following primers: CAATTAAAATGCCAGTGCGA and TTTAGGATGCATTATGGGGC. fj61 is a 444-bp deletion located in the region of the gene corresponding to the N-terminus of CEC-5 (F32E10.6). The fj61 deletion can be detected by PCR with the following primers: GCAAAGAAATCATCCGGTAGTG and CTTTGTAGCAACAGGCTCCTC. Reference: Tabara H, et al. (2023) A small RNA system ensures accurate homologous pairing and unpaired silencing of meiotic chromosomes. EMBO J, e105002.

No apparent phenotype. The chromodomain protein CEC-8 is phylogenetically similar to CEC-5 and CEC-4. fj63 is a 14-bp deletion located in the region of the gene corresponding to the N-terminus of CEC-8 (Y55B1BR.3). The fj63 deletion can be detected by PCR with the following primers: GCTGTATAATACTCACTATGTC and TCCAGCTCTGTAACCTTGAA. Reference: Tabara H, et al. (2023) A small RNA system ensures accurate homologous pairing and unpaired silencing of meiotic chromosomes. EMBO J, e105002.

Maintain at 20C or lower. cec-8; cec-4 cec-5 triple mutants exhibit partial sterility and no significant defects in chromosome segregation. The chromodomain proteins CEC-5, CEC-4, and CEC-8 are phylogenetically similar to each other. The deletions can be detected by PCR with the following primers: cec-8(fj63): GCTGTATAATACTCACTATGTC and TCCAGCTCTGTAACCTTGAA; cec-4(ok3124): CAATTAAAATGCCAGTGCGA and TTTAGGATGCATTATGGGGC; cec-5(fj58): GCAAAGAAATCATCCGGTAGTG and CTTTGTAGCAACAGGCTCCTC. Reference: Tabara H, et al. (2023) A small RNA system ensures accurate homologous pairing and unpaired silencing of meiotic chromosomes. EMBO J, e105002.

Maintain at 20C or lower. Him. The cec-8; cec-4 cec-5 him-8 quadruple mutant exhibits partial sterility. The intensity of histone H3K9me2 on meiotic chromosomes is reduced. The deletions can be detected by PCR with the following primers: cec-8(fj63): GCTGTATAATACTCACTATGTC and TCCAGCTCTGTAACCTTGAA; cec-4(ok3124): CAATTAAAATGCCAGTGCGA and TTTAGGATGCATTATGGGGC; cec-5(fj58): GCAAAGAAATCATCCGGTAGTG and CTTTGTAGCAACAGGCTCCTC. Reference: Tabara H, et al. (2023) A small RNA system ensures accurate homologous pairing and unpaired silencing of meiotic chromosomes. EMBO J, e105002.

Heterozygotes are WT and GFP+ and segregate WT GFP+ heterozygotes, non-GFP ego-1 homozygotes (sterile with inaccurate homologous pairing of meiotic chromosomes), very rare GFP+ homozygous hT2, and dead eggs. Maintain by picking wild-type GFP+. Reference: Tabara H, et al. (2023) A small RNA system ensures accurate homologous pairing and unpaired silencing of meiotic chromosomes. EMBO J, e105002.

Heterozygotes are wild-type with pharyngeal GFP signal, and segregate WT GFP, arrested nT1[qIs51] aneuploids, and non-GFP csr-1(fj67) homozygotes (sterile, but some animals lay a small number of dead eggs). Homozygous nT1[qIs51] inviable. Pick WT GFP and check for correct segregation of progeny to maintain. Intracellular localization of CSR-1 is abnormal in the csr-1(fj67) homozygotes. fj67 is a 60-bp in-frame deletion of the first lysine-rich region (KQKDNFILLDILLKQWAAKK) in CSR-1. The first lysine-rich region in the WT has a FokI site. The deletion can be checked by PCR with the following primers: CACCTGTGATTTTTCGGGGAAC and TGGATTCCTTTTGCTGCAACAG, followed by digestion with FokI. Reference: Tabara H, et al. (2023) A small RNA system ensures accurate homologous pairing and unpaired silencing of meiotic chromosomes. EMBO J, e105002.

Heterozygotes are wild-type with pharyngeal GFP signal, and segregate WT GFP, arrested nT1[qIs51] aneuploids, and non-GFP csr-1(fj70) homozygotes (sterile, but some animals lay a small number of dead eggs). Homozygous nT1[qIs51] inviable. Pick WT GFP and check for correct segregation of progeny to maintain. fj70 is a D769L mutation that renders CSR-1 (an Argonaute protein) catalytically defective and generates a new SphI site. The fj70 mutation can be checked by PCR with the following primers: TACACGTGGATGATGAGAAG and TCGTCCGAAACTTCCTCATC, followed by digestion with SphI. Homozygous nT1[qIs51] inviable. Reference: Tabara H, et al. (2023) A small RNA system ensures accurate homologous pairing and unpaired silencing of meiotic chromosomes. EMBO J, e105002.

Four amino-acid residues (G24–V27) near the N-terminus of EGO-1 were replaced with a PA-tag sequence (GVAMPGAEDDVV derived from human podoplanin) in the endogenous ego-1 gene. The PA-tag insertion can be checked by PCR with the following primers: TTCAAAATGCCGCTGCCTTC and GTCCTCTTCGCATCTTTATCAG, followed by digestion with Sau96I. The wild-type ego-1 gene contains a Sau96I site within its PCR region, while the PA-tagged ego-1 does not. This strain was used for immunofluorescence analysis of EGO-1. Reference: Tabara H, et al. (2023) A small RNA system ensures accurate homologous pairing and unpaired silencing of meiotic chromosomes. EMBO J, e105002.

fjSi19 [rpl-21p::2×HA::C04F12.1 + Cbr-unc-119(+)] II. Single-copy insertion in the MosSCI locus ttTi5605 (LG II). The 2×HA::C04F12.1 transgene was designed to express a protein with a double HA tag at its N-terminus, using a strong ubiquitous promoter (rpl-21p). The linker sequence between the two HA tags has a NotI site. The insertion can be checked by PCR with the following primers: GGAGCCGATTTGTTCCAGTC (at the 3'-side of C04F12.1) and ATCGGGAGGCGAACCTAACTG (near ttTi5605 on LG II). vsra-1 is also known as csr-2/C04F12.1. Reference: Tabara H, et al. (2023) A small RNA system ensures accurate homologous pairing and unpaired silencing of meiotic chromosomes. EMBO J, e105002.

Heterozygotes are wild-type with pharyngeal GFP signal, and segregate WT GFP, arrested nT1[qIs51] aneuploids, and non-GFP csr-1(fj126) homozygotes (sterile, but some animals lay a small number of dead eggs). Homozygous nT1[qIs51] inviable. Pick WT GFP and check for correct segregation of progeny to maintain. fj126 was generated by the insertion of a synthetic nuclear export signal (NES). Instead of six amino-acid residues (R8–I13) near the N-terminus of CSR-1b, an NES sequence (LNELALKLAGLDI) from the cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor alpha in mammals was inserted into the endogenous csr-1 gene. The DNA sequence encoding the NES has a HindIII site. The fj126 mutation can be checked by PCR with the following primers: AAGAAATACCAATGCGGAGGCA and CCGCTGAGGAACGAGATGG, followed by digestion with HindIII. Reference: Tabara H, et al. (2023) A small RNA system ensures accurate homologous pairing and unpaired silencing of meiotic chromosomes. EMBO J, e105002.

CeRep55 quadruple deletion: fjDf1 (also known as fj115); fjDf2 (aka fj85); fjDf3 (aka fj123); fjDf4 (aka fj120) X. This strain lacks four major clusters of CeRep55 repeats on the X chromosome. The condensation of unpaired X chromosomes in male testes is insufficient. CeRep55 is a class of minisatellite sequences consisting of a 27-nt tandem repeat that is present on all chromosomes. Some CeRep55 clusters express long non-coding RNAs and small RNAs. Each of the four deletion sites was designed to acquire a sequence tag (TGTACAGGAAACAGCTATGACC; similar to M13 reverse) instead of the CeRep55 tandem repeats. The deletions of CeRep55 clusters can be checked by PCR with the following primers: fjDf1 in Y73B3A, CAACCTGACTCTCGCCAAGAC and GGAGAAGTAGGCGTGTCAGTTA; fjDf2 in Y75D11A, CAAGTGCCAAACTAGACTGCTC and TTCAAAACGCTACGCGATACCAG; fjDf3 in Y81B9A, AAATGCCCCTATCTCACAGTGG and GACTGCTAGAATCTGACTCGTC; fjDf4 in Y49A10A, CAACCTGACTCTCGCCAAGAC and GGAGAAGTAGGCGTGTCAGTTA. The PCR check can also be performed with the M13 reverse primer and the right-side primer. Reference: Tabara H, et al. (2023) A small RNA system ensures accurate homologous pairing and unpaired silencing of meiotic chromosomes. EMBO J, e105002.

Sterile csr-1 allele balanced over tmC5 labelled with Venus. Heterozygotes are wild-type with somewhat dimmer Venus signal and segregate WT Venus(+) heterozygotes, Mec Unc Venus(+) tmC5 homozygotes, and non-Venus csr-1(fj54) homozygotes (sterile, but some animals lay a small number of dead eggs). Pick wild-type Venus(+) and check for proper segregation of progeny to maintain. Homologous pairing and unpaired silencing of meiotic chromosomes are inaccurate in this csr-1 null-mutant homozygotes. The fj54 deletion causes a frame-shift to stop the translation of both PAZ and Piwi domains. The deletion can be checked by PCR with the following primers: AAGAAATACCAATGCGGAGGCA and TTCACGGCTCTTTGCAGTTTCA. The inversion-based balancer in ZT60 is more amenable to producing csr-1(fj54) homozygous males than a translocation-based balancer (ZT3). Reference: Tabara H, et al. (2023) A small RNA system ensures accurate homologous pairing and unpaired silencing of meiotic chromosomes. EMBO J, e105002.

Sterile csr-1 allele balanced over tmC5 labelled with Venus. Heterozygotes are wild-type with somewhat dimmer Venus signal and segregate WT Venus(+) heterozygotes, Mec Unc Venus(+) tmC5 homozygotes, and non-Venus csr-1(fj54) homozygotes (sterile, but some animals lay a small number of dead eggs). Pick wild-type Venus(+) and check for proper segregation of progeny to maintain. Homologous pairing and unpaired silencing of meiotic chromosomes are inaccurate in homozygous tm1637; fj54 double mutants. The vsra-1 mutation enhances the defects caused by the csr-1 mutation. The fj54 deletion causes a frame-shift to stop the translation of both PAZ and Piwi domains. tm1637 can be detected by PCR with the following primers: AAGCAGTTCTTCAAGACTGGTC and TTGTCCACTCGCACTTTGTG. The fj54 deletion can be checked by PCR with the following primers: AAGAAATACCAATGCGGAGGCA and TTCACGGCTCTTTGCAGTTTCA. vsra-1 is also known as csr-2/C04F12.1. Reference: Tabara H, et al. (2023) A small RNA system ensures accurate homologous pairing and unpaired silencing of meiotic chromosomes. EMBO J, e105002.

Maintain at 20C or lower. The met-2 set-25 double mutant exhibits partial sterility and no significant defects in chromosome segregation. MET-2 and SET-25 are the methyltransferases responsible for histone H3K9me2 and H3K9me3. The deletion mutations can be checked by PCR with the following primers: met-2(ok2307), GGTTGATGCGGAGAAGACTG and AATGGATTCGGTGCTTCGTG; set-25(n5021), GAGCCCGTGCCACAGAGTAG and CCTAGAGCGATGTCCTTGATGG. This strain was used as a negative control in the immunodetection of H3K9me2.

RNAi deficient (Rde). Him. Partially-inaccurate paring of meiotic chromosomes. fj150 is a mutation changing WK to FS and generating a new FspI site in the second K-rich region between the PAZ and Piwi domains. The fj150 mutation can be detected by PCR with the following primers: TCGGATGTTGACTACAACGC and GAAGGTAGAAACTTCATTCCAGCAC, followed by digestion with FspI. Reference: Tabara H, et al. (2023) A small RNA system ensures accurate homologous pairing and unpaired silencing of meiotic chromosomes. EMBO J, e105002.

fj150 is a mutation changing WK to FS and generating a new FspI site in the second K-rich region between the PAZ and Piwi domains. fj150 is enhanced by the CeRep55 quadruple deletion. The fj150 mutation can be detected by PCR with the following primers: TCGGATGTTGACTACAACGC and GAAGGTAGAAACTTCATTCCAGCAC, followed by digestion with FspI. This strain lacks four major clusters of CeRep55 repeats on the X chromosome. The condensation of unpaired X chromosomes in male testes is insufficient. CeRep55 is a class of minisatellite sequences consisting of a 27-nt tandem repeat that is present on all chromosomes. Some CeRep55 clusters express long non-coding RNAs and small RNAs. Each of the four deletion sites was designed to acquire a sequence tag (TGTACAGGAAACAGCTATGACC; similar to M13 reverse) instead of the CeRep55 tandem repeats. The deletions of CeRep55 clusters can be checked by PCR with the following primers: fjDf1 in Y73B3A, CAACCTGACTCTCGCCAAGAC and GGAGAAGTAGGCGTGTCAGTTA; fjDf2 in Y75D11A, CAAGTGCCAAACTAGACTGCTC and TTCAAAACGCTACGCGATACCAG; fjDf3 in Y81B9A, AAATGCCCCTATCTCACAGTGG and GACTGCTAGAATCTGACTCGTC; fjDf4 in Y49A10A, CAACCTGACTCTCGCCAAGAC and GGAGAAGTAGGCGTGTCAGTTA. The PCR check can also be performed with the M13 reverse primer and the right-side primer. Reference: Tabara H, et al. (2023) A small RNA system ensures accurate homologous pairing and unpaired silencing of meiotic chromosomes. EMBO J, e105002.

The CeRep55_X quadruple-deletion mutant does not exhibit a clear Him phenotype, but the Him phenotype of the him-1(e879) mutant is enhanced by the CeRep55_X quadruple deletions. CeRep55 quadruple deletion: fjDf1 (also known as fj115); fjDf2 (aka fj85); fjDf3 (aka fj123); fjDf4 (aka fj120) X. This strain lacks four major clusters of CeRep55 repeats on the X chromosome. The condensation of unpaired X chromosomes in male testes is insufficient. CeRep55 is a class of minisatellite sequences consisting of a 27-nt tandem repeat that is present on all chromosomes. Some CeRep55 clusters express long non-coding RNAs and small RNAs. Each of the four deletion sites was designed to acquire a sequence tag (TGTACAGGAAACAGCTATGACC; similar to M13 reverse) instead of the CeRep55 tandem repeats. The deletions of CeRep55 clusters can be checked by PCR with the following primers: fjDf1 in Y73B3A, CAACCTGACTCTCGCCAAGAC and GGAGAAGTAGGCGTGTCAGTTA; fjDf2 in Y75D11A, CAAGTGCCAAACTAGACTGCTC and TTCAAAACGCTACGCGATACCAG; fjDf3 in Y81B9A, AAATGCCCCTATCTCACAGTGG and GACTGCTAGAATCTGACTCGTC; fjDf4 in Y49A10A, CAACCTGACTCTCGCCAAGAC and GGAGAAGTAGGCGTGTCAGTTA. The PCR check can also be performed with the M13 reverse primer and the right-side primer. The e879 mutation can be checked by PCR with the following primers: AAATCAGGAGTGGGCATCAG and GGGAAGATTCCGATGAGTGA, followed by digestion with MvaI. The wild-type him-1 gene contains an MvaI site within its PCR region, while the e879 allele does not. Reference: Tabara H, et al. (2023) A small RNA system ensures accurate homologous pairing and unpaired silencing of meiotic chromosomes. EMBO J, e105002.

RNAi deficient (Rde). High incidence of males (Him). fj162 at the second K-rich region is an in-frame duplication (comprising of a small duplication and a tiny inverted duplication) generating 61 extra amino acids. The fj162 mutation can be checked by PCR with the following primers: TCGGATGTTGACTACAACGC and GAAGGTAGAAACTTCATTCCAGCAC.

fj162 at the second K-rich region is an in-frame duplication (comprising of a small duplication and a tiny inverted duplication) generating 61 extra amino acids. The CeRep55_X quadruple-deletion mutant does not exhibit a clear Him phenotype, but the Him phenotype of the csr-1(fj162) mutant is enhanced by the CeRep55_X quadruple deletions. The fj162 mutation can be checked by PCR with the following primers: TCGGATGTTGACTACAACGC and GAAGGTAGAAACTTCATTCCAGCAC. This strain lacks four major clusters of CeRep55 repeats on the X chromosome. The condensation of unpaired X chromosomes in male testes is insufficient. CeRep55 is a class of minisatellite sequences consisting of a 27-nt tandem repeat that is present on all chromosomes. Some CeRep55 clusters express long non-coding RNAs and small RNAs. Each of the four deletion sites was designed to acquire a sequence tag (TGTACAGGAAACAGCTATGACC; similar to M13 reverse) instead of the CeRep55 tandem repeats. The deletions of CeRep55 clusters can be checked by PCR with the following primers: fjDf1 in Y73B3A, CAACCTGACTCTCGCCAAGAC and GGAGAAGTAGGCGTGTCAGTTA; fjDf2 in Y75D11A, CAAGTGCCAAACTAGACTGCTC and TTCAAAACGCTACGCGATACCAG; fjDf3 in Y81B9A, AAATGCCCCTATCTCACAGTGG and GACTGCTAGAATCTGACTCGTC; fjDf4 in Y49A10A, CAACCTGACTCTCGCCAAGAC and GGAGAAGTAGGCGTGTCAGTTA. The PCR check can also be performed with the M13 reverse primer and the right-side primer. Reference: Tabara H, et al. (2023) A small RNA system ensures accurate homologous pairing and unpaired silencing of meiotic chromosomes. EMBO J, e105002.

This strain carries a dpy-5 mutation to facilitate genome modification in CeRep55 quadruple deletion background: fjDf1 (also known as fj115); fjDf2 (aka fj85); fjDf3 (aka fj123); fjDf4 (aka fj120) X. This strain lacks four major clusters of CeRep55 repeats on the X chromosome. The condensation of unpaired X chromosomes in male testes is insufficient. CeRep55 is a class of minisatellite sequences consisting of a 27-nt tandem repeat that is present on all chromosomes. Some CeRep55 clusters express long non-coding RNAs and small RNAs. Each of the four deletion sites was designed to acquire a sequence tag (TGTACAGGAAACAGCTATGACC; similar to M13 reverse) instead of the CeRep55 tandem repeats. The deletions of CeRep55 clusters can be checked by PCR with the following primers: fjDf1 in Y73B3A, CAACCTGACTCTCGCCAAGAC and GGAGAAGTAGGCGTGTCAGTTA; fjDf2 in Y75D11A, CAAGTGCCAAACTAGACTGCTC and TTCAAAACGCTACGCGATACCAG; fjDf3 in Y81B9A, AAATGCCCCTATCTCACAGTGG and GACTGCTAGAATCTGACTCGTC; fjDf4 in Y49A10A, CAACCTGACTCTCGCCAAGAC and GGAGAAGTAGGCGTGTCAGTTA. The PCR check can also be performed with the M13 reverse primer and the right-side primer. Reference: Tabara H, et al. (2023) A small RNA system ensures accurate homologous pairing and unpaired silencing of meiotic chromosomes. EMBO J, e105002.

Pick wild-type Venus+ animals to maintain. coh-4(tm1857) coh-3(gk112) homozygotes exhibit defects in synaptonemal complex formation on meiotic chromosomes. Many of the progeny from coh-4 coh-3 homozygotes exhibit embryonic lethality, likely due to aneuploidy, but only a few progeny hatch and exhibit the Him phenotype. The coh-3 and coh-4 genes encode nearly identical meiosis-specific kleisins. The deletion mutations can be checked by PCR with the following primers: coh-4(tm1857): TACGCGGCACACATGGGTCT and CAATTCCCCCTAGACATACGATTC; coh-3(gk112): CTCGCAGCGATCGAGCAAGC and AACTGAACATGAGAGCCACGAAG. tmC16 homozygotes are Unc Venus(+). [NOTE: ZT73 with the inversion-based balancer is more amenable to producing coh-4 coh-3 homozygous mutant males than TY5120 with a translocation-based balancer.] Reference: Tabara H, et al. (2023) A small RNA system ensures accurate homologous pairing and unpaired silencing of meiotic chromosomes. EMBO J, e105002.

czIs110 [mex-5p::GFP::KDEL::pie-1 3’UTR + unc-119(+)]. GFP::KDEL is a marker of the luminal ER in the embryo. Reference: Lee et al., J Cell Biol. 2016 Sep 12;214(6):665-76.

zwIs106 contains [unc-9p::GFP + lin-15(+)]. Superficially wild-type. Maintain under normal conditions. Described in Altun et al. Dev Dyn 238:1936-50 (2009).

zwIs108 [myo-3p::Myc::ryr-1 + myo-3p::GFP]. GFP is expressed in body muscles. Locomotion is similar to unc-68(r1162).

zwEx101 [inx-1p::GFP + lin-15(+)]. Pick non-Muv to maintain. Reference: Altun et al. Dev Dyn 238:1936-50 (2009).

zwEx102 [inx-2p::GFP + lin-15(+)]. Pick non-Muv to maintain. Reference: Altun et al. Dev Dyn 238:1936-50 (2009).

zwEx103 [inx-3p::GFP + lin-15(+)]. Pick non-Muv to maintain. Maintain under normal conditions. Reference: Altun et al. Dev Dyn 238:1936-50 (2009).

zwEx104 [inx-4p::GFP + lin-15(+)]. Pick non-Muv to maintain. Maintain under normal conditions. Reference: Altun et al. Dev Dyn 238:1936-50 (2009).

zwEx105 [inx-5p::GFP + lin-15(+)]. Pick non-Muv to maintain. Maintain under normal conditions. Reference: Altun et al. Dev Dyn 238:1936-50 (2009).

zwEx106 [inx-6p::GFP + lin-15(+)]. Pick non-Muv to maintain. Reference: Altun et al. Dev Dyn 238:1936-50 (2009).

zwEx107 [inx-7p::GFP + lin-15(+)]. Pick non-Muv to maintain. Reference: Altun et al. Dev Dyn 238:1936-50 (2009).

zwEx108 [inx-8p::GFP + lin-15(+)]. Pick non-Muv to maintain. Reference: Altun et al. Dev Dyn 238:1936-50 (2009).

zwEx109 [inx-9p::GFP + lin-15(+)]. Pick non-Muv to maintain. Reference: Altun et al. Dev Dyn 238:1936-50 (2009).

zwEx110 [inx-10p::GFP + lin-15(+)]. Pick non-Muv to maintain. Reference: Altun et al. Dev Dyn 238:1936-50 (2009).

zwEx111 [inx-11p:GFP + lin-15(+)]. Pick non-Muv to maintain. Reference: Altun et al. Dev Dyn 238:1936-50 (2009).

zwEx112 [inx-12p::GFP + lin-15(+)]. Pick non-Muv to maintain. Reference: Altun et al. Dev Dyn 238:1936-50 (2009).

zwEx113 [inx-13p::GFP + lin-15(+)]. Pick non-Muv to maintain. Reference: Altun et al. Dev Dyn 238:1936-50 (2009).

zwEx114 [inx-14p::GFP + lin-15(+)]. Pick non-Muv to maintain. Reference: Altun et al. Dev Dyn 238:1936-50 (2009).

zwEx115 [inx-15p::GFP + lin-15(+)]. Pick non-Muv to maintain. Reference: Altun et al. Dev Dyn 238:1936-50 (2009).

zwEx116 [inx-16p::GFP + lin-15(+)]. Pick non-Muv to maintain. Reference: Altun et al. Dev Dyn 238:1936-50 (2009).

zwEx117 [inx-17p::GFP + lin-15(+)]. Pick non-Muv to maintain. Reference: Altun et al. Dev Dyn 238:1936-50 (2009).

zwEx118 [inx-18p::GFP + lin-15(+)]. Pick non-Muv to maintain. Reference: Altun et al. Dev Dyn 238:1936-50 (2009).

zwEx119 [inx-19p::GFP + lin-15(+)]. Pick non-Muv to maintain. Reference: Altun et al. Dev Dyn 238:1936-50 (2009).

zwEx120 [inx-20p::GFP + lin-15(+)]. Pick non-Muv to maintain. Reference: Altun et al. Dev Dyn 238:1936-50 (2009).

zwEx121 [inx-21p::GFP + lin-15(+)]. Pick non-Muv to maintain. Reference: Altun et al. Dev Dyn 238:1936-50 (2009).

zwEx122 [inx-22p::GFP + lin-15(+)]. Pick non-Muv to maintain. Reference: Altun et al. Dev Dyn 238:1936-50 (2009).

zwEx123 [eat-5p::GFP + lin-15(+)]. Pick non-Muv to maintain. Reference: Altun et al. Dev Dyn 238:1936-50 (2009).

zwEx124 [unc-7ap:GFP + lin-15(+)]. Pick non-Muv to maintain. Reference: Altun et al. Dev Dyn 238:1936-50 (2009).

Increased angle of head bending. Maintain under normal conditions. Reference: Chen B, et al. J Neurosci. 2010 Dec 8;30(49):16651-61.